ʻO ke au oLEDpiʻi ma muli o nā kumu like ʻole i hoʻohana ʻia. I kēia manawa, pono e lawe ʻia nā hana pale e hōʻoia i ka pōʻino ʻole o ka LED no ka mea ʻoi aku ka nui o ka manawa ma mua o kekahi manawa a me ka amplitude. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hāmeʻa pale kaapuni ʻo ia ka mea maʻamau a me ka hoʻokele waiwai. ʻO ka mea pale i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nokukui LEDhe varistor ka pale kaapuni.

Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Varistor e pale i nā kukui LED. Hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia ʻaʻohe mea e hoʻolako ai i ka mana, ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka mana a me ka mana laina laina e hoʻohana ʻia no nā kukui LED, pono ia pale. Hoʻohana ʻia ia no ka pale ʻana i ka puʻupuʻu puʻupuʻu e hana pinepine ʻia ma ka pūnaewele mana o ke kūlanakauhale. ʻO ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo surge voltage ka nui o ka manawa pōkole kiʻekiʻe-voltage pulse i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka uila uila a i ʻole ka hoʻomaka ʻana a me ka pau ʻana o nā lako uila mana kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka uila ke kumu nui. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka uila i ka uila pololei a me ka uila ʻole. 'O ia ho'i, ua pa'i pololei ka uila i ka pūnaewele lako mana, he mea la'a'ole, a 'o ka hapa nui o nā pūnaewele ho'olako uila he mau ana ka palekana uila. ʻO ka hahau ʻana o ka uila e pili ana i ka piʻi ʻana i hoʻouna ʻia ma ka pā mana i hoʻoulu ʻia e ka uila. Hiki paha kēia pi'i 'ana, no ka mea, he 1800 hekili a me 600 uila uila ma ka honua a pau i kēlā me kēia manawa. ʻO kēlā me kēia uila uila e hoʻoulu i ka puʻupuʻu uila ma ke kikowaena mana kokoke. ʻO ka laulā o ka puʻupuʻu puʻupuʻu he mau liʻiliʻi wale nō a ʻoi aku ka pōkole, a ʻo ka amplitude o ka pulse hiki ke kiʻekiʻe e like me nā tausani volts. ʻO ka mea nui ma muli o kona amplitude kiʻekiʻe, loaʻa ka hopena nui loa i ka pōʻino o nā lako uila. Me ka pale ʻole, maʻalahi nā ʻano mea uila a pau e pōʻino. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, maʻalahi loa ka pale ʻana i ka piʻi. Hoʻohui wale i kahi varistor anti surge, i hoʻopili pinepine ʻia ma mua o ka hoʻoponopono.

ʻO ke kumu o kēia varistor penei: aia kahi resistor nonlinear e pili kokoke ana ke kū'ē i ke kaapuni hāmama i loko o ka pae paepae i ʻōlelo ʻia, a i ka wā i ʻoi aku ai ka uila i hoʻohana ʻia ma mua o ka paepae, ua kokoke koke kona kū'ē i ka zero. ʻO kēia ka mea e maʻalahi ai ke komo i ka piʻi. Eia kekahi, ʻo varistor kahi mea hiki ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia. Ma hope o ka absorption surge, hiki iā ia ke pāʻani i kahi hana pale.