E hoʻokō ka EU i nā hoʻoponopono kaiapuni ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī e hoʻomaka ana mai ka lā 1 o Kepakemapa, kahi e hoʻopaʻa ai i ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā kukui tungsten halogen uila haʻahaʻa, nā kukui tungsten halogen haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a me nā kukui fluorescent paipu pololei a pololei no nā kukui ākea ma ka mākeke EU.

ʻO nā lula hoʻolālā kaiaola no nā kumu kukui EU a me nā mea hoʻokele kūʻokoʻa i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka makahiki 2019 a me nā kuhikuhi ʻae 12 RoHS i hoʻopuka ʻia ma Pepeluali 2022 e hoʻopili i ke kau ʻana o nā kukui fluorescent tube compact a pololei no nā kukui ākea, a me nā kukui uila halogen tungsten a haʻahaʻa. - nā kukui halogen tungsten ma ka mākeke EU i nā pule e hiki mai ana. Me ka ulu wikiwiki oNā huahana kukui LED, ko lakou kiʻekiʻe-efficiency a me ka ikehu-ho'ōla waiwai ua mahuahua makemake e ka makeke. ʻO nā huahana kukui kuʻuna e like me nā kukui fluorescent a me nā kukui tungsten halogen e haʻalele mālie ana mai ka mākeke. I kēia mau makahiki i hala iho nei, i ka pane ʻana i nā pilikia ea a me ka ikehu, ua hoʻopili nui ka European Union i ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu a me ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni o nā huahana uila, e hoʻomaikaʻi mau ana i nā koi o nā huahana pili. Wahi a ka ʻikepili kuʻuna, mai 2014 a 2022, hoʻomau ka emi ʻana o ka nui o nā kukui fluorescent a me nā huahana halogen tungsten i ka European Union. Ma waena o lākou, ua emi iho ka nui o nā huahana kukui fluorescent ma kahi o 77%; Ua emi iho ka nui o nā huahana kukui halogen tungsten ma kahi o 79%.

Mai Ianuali a Iune 2023, ʻo ka waiwai kūʻai aku o nā huahana kukui o Kina i ka mākeke EU he 4.9 biliona kālā ʻAmelika, kahi hoʻemi o ka makahiki i ka makahiki he 14%. Mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kēia makahiki, ua wikiwiki ka mākeke EU i ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka ikehu kiʻekiʻe e hoʻopau ana i nā huahana kukui kuʻuna e like me nā kukui fluorescent a me nā kukui tungsten halogen, i mea e hoʻolaha ai i nā huahana kumu kukui LED. ʻO ka waiwai kūʻai aku o nā huahana kukui fluorescent a me nā huahana kukui halogen tungsten ma ka mākeke EU ua hoʻemi ʻia ma kahi o 7 mau pākēneka, ʻoiai ua hoʻonui ʻia nā huahana kumu kukui LED ma kahi o 8 mau pakeneka.

Ua emi iho ka nui o ka lawe ʻana aku a me ka waiwai o nā kukui fluorescent a me nā kukui tungsten halogen. I waena o lākou, ua emi iho ka nui o nā huahana kukui fluorescent e 32%, a ua emi ka waiwai hoʻoiho e 64%. ʻO ka nui o ka lawe ʻana aku onā huahana kukui tungsten halogenua emi iho ma ka 17%, a ua emi ka waiwai i lawe aku ma 43%.

I kēia mau makahiki i hala iho nei, me ka hoʻokō lohi ʻana i nā kānāwai mālama kaiapuni i hoʻopuka ʻia e nā mākeke haole, ua hoʻopilikia nui ʻia ka nui o nā kukui fluorescent a me nā kukui tungsten halogen. No laila, pono nā ʻoihana e hana i nā hoʻolālā hana a hoʻokuʻu aku, e hoʻolohe i nā hoʻolaha o nā kānāwai mālama kaiapuni i hoʻopuka ʻia e nā mākeke kūpono, hoʻoponopono i nā hoʻolālā hana a me nā kūʻai aku i ka manawa kūpono, a noʻonoʻo i ka hoʻololi ʻana e hana i nā kumu kukui kūlohelohe e like me nā LED.